Barbie as a global phenomenon Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Barbie as a worldwide wonder - Essay Example Doll Barbie is among them. In the event that to ask a young lady what present she might want to have for her birthday, she would not stop for a second in any event, for a second and the appropriate response will be â€Å"A Barbie†. â€Å"Barbie is the social symbol of female magnificence that gives a â€Å"aspirational job model† to little youngsters, and 99% of 3-to 10-year-olds in the United States own at any rate one Barbie doll† (Helga et al 283). The inquiry is the reason this doll is so mainstream. How could it delight the entire world and become a fantasy of each young lady? More than 100 Barbie dolls are sold on the planet consistently, along these lines Mattel Inc. makes around $2 billion every year and the deals of a renowned and wanted doll establishes in excess of a portion of Mattel’s deals. â€Å"Barbie is the top of the line style doll in each major worldwide market, with overall yearly deals of about $1.5 billion† (Mattel, 2003 refer ed to in Helga et al 283). The action of the organization appears to be fruitful, yet now the directors consider the issue how the adjustments on the planet impact Barbie doll. The issue became pertinent due to the progressions brought by globalization that wiped out examples. The picture of Barbie doll requests changes. The given paper will talk about the progressions brought by the globalization and the issues Barbie doll makers need to unravel now. Despite that Barbie doesn't free its fame, time despite everything passes quickly and everything changes. The doll was made in 1959 and the ladies of that time were altogether different in contrast with current ladies. Presently ladies are liberated, their life is exceptionally dynamic. As ladies change, dolls ought to likewise change. Mattel was past the point where it is possible to understand that the progressions were fundamental, in this manner they endured a disappointment in 2001, when their rivals propelled the item proper to t he cutting edge comprehension of an ideal lady. As the contenders figured out how to roll out essential improvements rather than Mattel, the last despite everything experiences this misstep. The organization didn't consider the progressions they believed the doll to be completely great and was certain that any progressions are not required. Besides, the producers were worried about the possibility that that shoppers might not have acknowledged the adjustments in their preferred doll picture. Hence, they didn't contact Barbie doll and gave their consideration to different toys. This brought a great deal of damage that was acknowledged by the makers past the point of no return. They comprehended their error just by 2006, when their deals diminished by 30%, despite that the endeavors were taken on the double to change the vibe of the doll and her beau, garments, adornments. So as to spare the circumstance, they even made another line called â€Å"My scene†, yet this impersonatio n didn't intrigue customers much. The reason for the disappointment is the absence of proper long haul procedure just as relating investigation of the brand and world changes, which influence Barbie’s picture. Globalization brought numerous new changes, it changed the impression of the issues enormously. Numerous worldwide associations showed up at the worldwide market that furnished individuals with new chances to work abroad, travel, see new nation, meet new individuals and show their capacities. In the past movement was not all that dynamic and individuals lived and worked in their local nations among the individuals of their own country. Presently it isn't unexpected if individuals from various nations work in a one organization sharing their qualities, culture and experience. Such changes made the world progressively vote based and impacted all the territories, including the field of toys fabricating. Barbie doll consistently filled in as an example that caused numerous issues: â€Å"my principle individual issue is Barbie’s body, and what that accomplishes for girls’ comprehension of how their bodies should look. Such huge numbers of little youngsters and ladies

Mark Twain Celebration Essays - Mark Twain, Lecturers,

Imprint Twain Celebration Imprint Twain Mark Twain is likely the best American creator to ever live. His style of composing changed the world until the end of time. Before Mark Twain everybody composed on genuine themes. Twain was the primary American to compose comedys. Individuals preferred him since never bofore had their been a writer who really could make the peruser chuckle. Numerous individuals wonder how Mark Twian has gotten the best American creator. Dr. Elliot Engle says Englands best author, William Shakesphere, composed more than thirty-five magnificent plays. Imprint Twain composed just seven stories. The greater part of his accounts are about children. The one story that makes Mark Twain such an incredible creator is the eternal Huckleberry Finn. Dr. engle claims that this book will consistently be an American great. Imprint Twain was brought into the world 1835 of every a little Missouri town called Hannibal. His original name was Sammuel Langhorne Clemens. He utilized the name Mark Twain during his expert carrer. Twain drew on his childhood along the Mississippi River for a significant number of the characters and occurrences in his work.(Benets) It was evident that Twain didn't care for his home state for Missouri. When he left, He never returned(Dr. Engle). Engle likewise says that he called his home state Hopelessness, instesd of Missouri. During his adolescence, Twain's family was not exceptionally rich. His dad was an unsuccssful legal counselor from Virgina. Imprint Twains days in school didn't keep going exceptionally long in light of the fact that he dropped out. The primary employment that Twain got was working for the paper in Hannibal. This activity was the most noticeably terrible in the town(DR. Engle). Each grieving he had to wake up at 4:30 to be grinding away by 5:00. At the point when he got the chance to work he needed to cleave wood to heat up the workplace, wake the supervisor, cook the editors breakfast, get the editors mess, lastly mop the floors. This was the eaisest part of his work. Hannibal didn't have a typewriter to type the words onto the paper with, so Twain needed to stamp each letter onto the paper. He never could discover the letter he was searching for in light of the fact that the alcoholic janitor,who woked their, consistently was stamps in an inappropriate spot. So before each letter he put on the paper, Twain would need to hope to ensure it was the right one.

MindMeister 3.7.1 for iPhone Now Free! - Focus

MindMeister 3.7.1 for iPhone Now Free! - Focus Please note: This article was last updated in 2010 so some of its content might be outdated. For the latest information on MindMeister for iPhone, please visit mindmeister.com/apps Happy Holidays MindMeisters! After kicking around a few holiday gift ideas for customers, we soon realized that not everyone would appreciate a red and green themed MindMeister, nor could we send each and every one of you a holiday card. So what else? Well … how about a free MindMeister for iPhone app? Sounds good to us! For a limited time only, the MindMeister for iPhone app is now free via the App Store. Get MindMeister for iPhone for free! As a special stocking stuffer, were tossing in an additional 2 free months of our Premium subscription plan to all those who’ve previously purchased the MindMeister for iPhone app. To redeem this special offer, please visit our iPhone stocking stuffer credit page from your iPhone. From all of us here in Vienna and Munich, we wish you the very happiest of holidays! MindMeister for iPhone 3.7.1 Many of the new features of the iPad app have also been introduced into MindMeister for iPhone. Since the two apps now share a common code base, its much easier for us to make features available simultaneously in both apps. Heres a roundup of whats new in MindMeister for iPhone 3.7.1: iOS 4.2 Support Retina display support View notes and links Cut / Copy / Paste Background synchronization Performance and stability enhancements MindMeister for iPad 3.7 Since launching our MindMeister for iPad app in late July of this year, we’ve been moving at breakneck speed to bring you as many of our web-based features in a mobile package as possible. While the initial release contained a number of familiar features, version 3.5 saw a massive delivery of new functions including export features, notes, links, themes and icon groups, as well as external monitor and keyboard support. Version 3.6 saw the introduction of our popular Task Management System, bringing the MindMeister for iPad app one step closer to the online version. Version 3.7 of MindMeister for iPad continues this tradition and now adds connections to your mobile mind mapping, thus allowing you even greater flexibility in demonstrating your point, highlighting key nodes, etc.. Likewise, we’ve added a highly requested feature: Cut/Copy/Paste. Simple enough in concept, but we guarantee these two features to dramatically improve your mind mapping productivity. The sync One of the key features of the MindMeister for iPad app is the ability to seamlessly sync your mobile created documents with your online, browser based MindMeister account. There have been a number of you that have provided invaluable feedback and sent us your app reports concerning this feature. We’re very happy to announce that we’ve completely reworked the synchronization mechanism. An additional benefit of the process has resulted in a slimmed down and further optimized version of the app. Through this optimization, we’ve reduced the number of sync calls by a factor of 10, and the process now happens in the background. What this means is; gone are the days of the “Syncing” overlays, allowing you to carry on working without a hitch. In addition to the new connections, cut/copy/paste, and improved sync mechanism, we’ve also shored up a few memory leaks and bugs, ultimately resulting in the most stable version of MindMeister for iPad yet. MindMeister for iPad 3.7 is now available to iPad users everywhere for $7.99 directly from the Apple App Store. MindMeister 3.7.1 for iPhone Now Free! - Focus Please note: This article was last updated in 2010 so some of its content might be outdated. For the latest information on MindMeister for iPhone, please visit mindmeister.com/apps Happy Holidays MindMeisters! After kicking around a few holiday gift ideas for customers, we soon realized that not everyone would appreciate a red and green themed MindMeister, nor could we send each and every one of you a holiday card. So what else? Well … how about a free MindMeister for iPhone app? Sounds good to us! For a limited time only, the MindMeister for iPhone app is now free via the App Store. Get MindMeister for iPhone for free! As a special stocking stuffer, were tossing in an additional 2 free months of our Premium subscription plan to all those who’ve previously purchased the MindMeister for iPhone app. To redeem this special offer, please visit our iPhone stocking stuffer credit page from your iPhone. From all of us here in Vienna and Munich, we wish you the very happiest of holidays! MindMeister for iPhone 3.7.1 Many of the new features of the iPad app have also been introduced into MindMeister for iPhone. Since the two apps now share a common code base, its much easier for us to make features available simultaneously in both apps. Heres a roundup of whats new in MindMeister for iPhone 3.7.1: iOS 4.2 Support Retina display support View notes and links Cut / Copy / Paste Background synchronization Performance and stability enhancements MindMeister for iPad 3.7 Since launching our MindMeister for iPad app in late July of this year, we’ve been moving at breakneck speed to bring you as many of our web-based features in a mobile package as possible. While the initial release contained a number of familiar features, version 3.5 saw a massive delivery of new functions including export features, notes, links, themes and icon groups, as well as external monitor and keyboard support. Version 3.6 saw the introduction of our popular Task Management System, bringing the MindMeister for iPad app one step closer to the online version. Version 3.7 of MindMeister for iPad continues this tradition and now adds connections to your mobile mind mapping, thus allowing you even greater flexibility in demonstrating your point, highlighting key nodes, etc.. Likewise, we’ve added a highly requested feature: Cut/Copy/Paste. Simple enough in concept, but we guarantee these two features to dramatically improve your mind mapping productivity. The sync One of the key features of the MindMeister for iPad app is the ability to seamlessly sync your mobile created documents with your online, browser based MindMeister account. There have been a number of you that have provided invaluable feedback and sent us your app reports concerning this feature. We’re very happy to announce that we’ve completely reworked the synchronization mechanism. An additional benefit of the process has resulted in a slimmed down and further optimized version of the app. Through this optimization, we’ve reduced the number of sync calls by a factor of 10, and the process now happens in the background. What this means is; gone are the days of the “Syncing” overlays, allowing you to carry on working without a hitch. In addition to the new connections, cut/copy/paste, and improved sync mechanism, we’ve also shored up a few memory leaks and bugs, ultimately resulting in the most stable version of MindMeister for iPad yet. MindMeister for iPad 3.7 is now available to iPad users everywhere for $7.99 directly from the Apple App Store.

Native American Tradition Culture Of Native Indians

Every country and nation have they own special festivals and music, and Native American is no exception. First, the native music related many aspects such as ritual, life and work. They like to combine music with dance, and the Native American music always created rich percussion instruments. For example, the hand drum, log drum, water drum and rattle, etc. The Powwow is an important festival and ritual for the Native American, and it is a symbol of the tradition culture of Native Indians. Powwow, is a social gathering by the Native American tribes, and they are singing and dancing. Powwow is not only a method that the Native American expresses the enthusiasm of the life and peace, but also enhances the sense of identity and cohesion.†¦show more content†¦This means people have more entertainment programs and reward the winner from the competition. The most interesting part that I found was the dancing part. The Native Indian are always good at expressing their emotions through the dancing. Every tribe has they own way to express the reverence for natural, the delight of hunting and the desire of victory. These wonderful conversations between the Manitou and people, has formed the special art in the Native American. Certainly, there are music accompany by dances, and the instrument contains spiritual symbol as well. For instance, drum plays an important role in the Powwow. The article â€Å"Without the drum, there would be no Powwow† mention that â€Å" Our drum has character, we have that powwow spirit, and people dance.† Drum is not only representing the core of Native people faith, but also is the heartbeat of the creator. Powwow drums are often made by circle, because circle stands for lifecycle. People surrounding and beat the drum, like the life turning and returning. Jingle dance song is one of the powwow music that I favorite. According to the textbook, there are two versions that described the origin of the Jingle Dress Dance. One is on United States Chippewa and the other one is from the Canadian Ojibway. This dance performed by females, and drum is played on the music. During the song, I can hear a leader man voice in the beginning, and drum beat accompanied with male harmony. During listeningShow MoreRelatedThe Girl Who Sang To The Buffalo Character Analysis1183 Words   |  5 Pagesthe popular American author, Kent Nerburn. Nerburn connected the reader to the ways of the Native Americans and non-Natives. Many non-Natives believe they have a basic understanding of the Native Americans, and what they have dealt with the US government. However, Nerburn provides a different perspective in comprehending the irritation the Native Americans thought of Americans not fully realizing they are heckling the Natives in this manner. Kent Nerburn had som e issues with the Natives in not thinkingRead MoreA country, a region, a belief, people will proud of the truth will always stand the test of time.1400 Words   |  6 Pagescolonialism is able to force people to behave in its ways, it cannot completely change people’s minds. Until September 21, 2004, the Smithsonian National Museum of the American Indian (NMAI) opened to the public. The foundation which was established in 1916, in New York City, The Smithsonian National Museum of the American Indian located on a symbolically significant site on the National Mall, next to the U.S. Capitol, and it is in a very grand building. I went to this museum twice, and I think thisRead MoreNative American Paper1353 Words   |  6 PagesNative American Storytelling Paper Rashmi Price ENG/301 August 26, 2013 Dr. Gregory Beatty Native American Storytelling Paper Native American literature is considered by many as the traditional written and oral literature of Native cultures around the world. Many of these literatures are transmitted over periods of time by storytellers. This particular literature has many features that includes a mixture of oral tradition techniques along with tribal mythology. The majorityRead More Native American Boarding Schools During the Westward Expansion607 Words   |  3 PagesNative American Boarding Schools During the Westward Expansion People know about the conflict between the Indians cultures and the settlers cultures during the westward expansion. Many people know the fierce battles and melees between the Indians and the settlers that were born from this cultural conflict. In spite of this, many people may not know about the systematic and deliberate means employed by the U.S. government to permanently rid their new land of the Indians who had lived theirRead MoreThe Ways Of Native Americans By Phillip J. Deloria s Playing Indian1153 Words   |  5 Pages The ways of Native Americans have been both a cultural and societal sustainment within the United States today. However, not in the way traditional sustainment is seen as. In Phillip J. Deloria’s book, Playing Indian, he asks how across American history â€Å"has the notion of disguised Indians dumping tea in Boston harbor had such a powerful hold on Americans’ imaginations?† (9) What is it exactly that captivates the minds of Americans’ over the culture of our Native American predecessors? BeforeRead MoreThe Decline Of The Native American Indians1607 Words   |  7 PagesPrior to the European invasion, the Native American Indians inhabited both North and South America, most of them living in areas beyond the reach of railroads and well-traveled highways. The Europeans and Native Americans met episodically through war, resulting in a clash of culture and social integration. Interestingly, during times of geographical expansion, the American government usually had their greatest interest in the Indians. The United States population doubled every twenty years betweenRead MoreReservation Blues By Sherman Alexie1256 Words   |  6 Pagescohesive country. Sherman Alexie’s story Reservation Blues explores the lives of some Native Americans who wrestled with cultural, racial, and religious barriers to embrace the rest of the country. The story reflects the process of racial and cultural integration the country has been going through since its inception, revealing an underlying struggle by the minority groups in the country to become part of the Americans culture that is often dominated by the majority white population. The process of assimilationRead MoreStereotypes Of The American Indian Mascot1206 Words   |  5 Pagesorganizations that portray the American Indian people as a mascot. Ninety-two percent of these sport organizations are high schools, which means roughly around eight percent of high schools have the American In dian mascot in some form (FiveThirtyEightSports). Frankly, this is an unacceptable statistic.This promotes racist mental images from a young age, and can lead many generations to recycle this outdated representation of Natives. One might ask if an American Indian mascot is really that harmfulRead MoreThe Differences Between Native Americans And Europeans1323 Words   |  6 Pagesdisrupted the life of the Natives. The natives had their own culture in America with their own special beliefs. When Europeans arrived they tried to alter the way Native Americans lived their lives to resemble their way of living. The Natives did not respect this because they had previously built a lifestyle in America that they wish not to be transformed. The two cultures had different opinions about government, religion, land, and society. Due to the many differences between the Native and European peopleRead MoreArguement Analysis on Cultural Appropriation597 Words   |  3 PagesArgument Analysis â€Å"Perhaps the most intangible aspect of Native peoples’ existence is compromised within [tribal] stories† (Tsosie 302). In society today we are seeing the growth of other cultures being incorporated into the fashions trends, movies, and in commercial use. The term, â€Å"cultural appropriation†, comes into use when discussing the problems Native Americans face in society today. It is defined as â€Å"the taking- from a culture that is not one’s own-of intellectual property, cultural expressions

The Effects of Violent Video Games on the Young - 1575 Words

In the 1950’s parents were thrown into a panic because of the possible negative affects rock and roll music could have on their children. Much like the bad reputation rock and roll music received in the 1950’s, violent video games have been questioned and looked down upon as a newer form of influential media. Violent video games have been blamed for bullying, school shootings, increasing rape, and increasing the amount of women being abused. Despite the popular belief that video games can be very harmful to a child’s mind and cause violent behavior, video games don’t cause as much psychological damage to children as people have been trying to claim. Because there are too many factors to consider, and there is a lack of evidence proving that video games cause children to become more aggressive, violent video games can’t be at fault for increasing youth violence. Video game sales have continued to increase while juvenile crime rate has been decrea sing. In 2008 alone, video game sales grew by over twenty percent (â€Å"FYI: Video Game Statistics by the Entertainment Software Association†). As video game sales continued to grow, juvenile crime rates decreased forty-eight percent between 1996 and 2011, according to the U.S. Department of Justice. The rate of juvenile violent crimes alone was at its lowest in 2011 since 1980 (â€Å"Juvenile Arrest Rate Trends†). Despite violent video games being blamed for bullying, school shootings, and abuse, a 2004 review done by the UnitedShow MoreRelatedThe Effects of Violent Video Games on the Behavior of Adolescents and Young People792 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿Violent Video Games Introduction The debate about violent video games and whether or not those games influence the behavior of young people in particular, young boys has been going on for many years. There is no doubt that video games are very popular among pre-adolescents and adolescents. In fact, recent research in the New Hampshire Business Review (June, 2012) shows that 42% of the 300 boys that participated in a survey indicated they would rather play video games than play sports with otherRead MoreThe Effects Of Video Games On Violent Behavior Among Young Children1525 Words   |  7 Pages The Effects of Video games on Violent Behavior among Young Children Julian A. Jaggon University of Central Florida The Effect of Video games on Violent Behavior among Young Children Just how popular are videogames? In today’s society very popular, not only do our kids and teenagers play video games but even grown men and women play them as well. Video games are now more popular than watching television or going to the movies. According to Center forRead MoreVideo Games Violent Effect on Youth1186 Words   |  5 Pagesafter losing a games in call of duty, and you are wondering why he is acting like this. What you might not realize is that it could be the violent video game affecting his behavior. The effects of violent video games in youth have devastating effects on them. These effects can range from violent behavior to acting out in school, and even possibly maybe even crime. The games you kids play could be more violent then you even know. Call of Duty, one of the leading first person shooter games, is all aboutRead MorePositive Effects Of Violent Video Games1161 Words   |  5 PagesViolent video games have been a popular pass time for A merican teenagers ever since the first ones were released. The most popular of these games are Grand Theft Auto, Call of Duty, Mortal Kombat, and Doom. It has become a popular belief that these games are directly linked to violent behaviors in our youth. Numerous scholars have set out to determine the validity of these assumptions through vast surveys and studies in America. All of these scholars share the belief that violent video gamesRead MoreAdolescent Aggression Based on Violent Videogames1645 Words   |  7 PagesAdolescent Aggression Based on Violent Videogames Violent video games played by millions of people every day results in animated characters having hearts ripped out, heads decapitated, and blood squirting across the screen as their mutilated bodies are erased from the screen. Most players play these games to pass the time, increase hand eye coordination, and create harmless competitions amongst those playing. However, some who play these games are entranced by the violent aggressive behaviors demonstratedRead MoreViolent Video Games Effect People1720 Words   |  7 PagesVideo games are almost always present in any house that is home to an adolescent child. While video games are popular among people of all ages, adolescent children are usually the most involved. An article was developed by three members of the Psychopathology department at a university in the Netherlands. While addressing the use of video games the statement was made that â€Å"Today, in the United States, 91% of children between the ages of 2 and 17 play vid eo games†(Granic, Lobel, Engels). ChildrenRead MoreVideo Games Do Not Cause Violent Behavior855 Words   |  4 PagesVideo games do not cause violent behavior The advancement of technology in the contemporary word has increased the use of video games by children, teenagers and young adults. The video games have existed for almost three decades and the controversy of their causing violent behavior spans the same period (Porter and Starcevic,422). The release of Death Race game in 1970s initiated a debate with organizations, governments officials and other institution taking sides in the argument of whether violentRead MoreHow Are Violent Video Games Affecting Young People? Essay911 Words   |  4 Pagesplaying violent video games. These video games might seem like harmless fun, but what if the violence in these games is affecting the behavior of young players interacting with others? In a society driven by technology, video games are becoming more popular each and everyday. People of all ages enjoy video games in their free time; these games allow the player to become an athlete, a soldier, or a professional fighter at the tip of their fingers. The hugest problem with these video games is theyRead MoreBanning Violent Video Games On Children1545 Words   |  7 Pages Banning Violent Video Games A child is killing police officers. A teenager is hiring prostitutes to potentially kill them. He is using weapons such as guns, chainsaws, and knives to kill and commit horrible crimes. Thousands of children and teens participate in these actions daily. How? Violent Video games such as Doom, Call of Duty, and Grand Theft Auto are just a few of the games that are full of these awful actions. The Harvard Mental Health Letter states, â€Å"The Pew Research Center reportedRead MoreThe Negative Effects Of Video Games794 Words   |  4 Pagesimproved, video games have been enhanced together with the latest technology. Now, video games have become one of the most iconic hobbies and free time activities for teenagers from simple smartphone games to high-graphic console or pc games. However, some people tend to claim that video games are harmful to teenagers and cause them behave violent and aggressive. Also, some opinionated radicals state that video games are related to youth viol ence. While some people think that video games have negative

The One Best System You Need to Be Using for Tell Me about Yourself Essay Sample Unveiled

The One Best System You Need to Be Using for Tell Me about Yourself Essay Sample Unveiled Individuals usually cannot recognize their inner potential of earning an amazing concatenation in essay when they feel too difficult to connect every keywords they have. From time to time, you know yourself worse than people around you so that you are able to trust them. There are a lot of ways to organize your essay. In any case, keywords will definitely assist you a lot without even think of the structure of your essay first. Because you've got your general topic for your essay, you should concentrate on breaking this up into sections. It's essential to note that not all Coalition schools need an essay. The more transparent you're in your essays, the simpler it is for the admissions committee to find that you're a fantastic match for their institution. Many students take part in a great deal of extracurricular activitiesso talk about them! Other students are all too content to speak about themselves and ramble on. Before you can locate the very best writer for your essay, have a crystal clear comprehension of what the undertaking is. The major question of all students who must compose a reflective or private essay is whether it's possible to think of such sort of academic paper without sounding too egotistical. If you finish your essay and aren't sure you've covered all the areas, the man or woman marking won't be sure either, and you are going to get a decrease mark. Instead of researching, the greatest first step to writing an effective essay is to select a topic. Lies You've Been Told About Tell Me about Yourself Essay Sample An essay is a fairly short bit of writing on a certain topic. Each essay is a story, not merely a collection of ideas. Your essay needs to be something central to who you are as an individual. The Personal Essay is a distinctive genre which you will likely just have to write once or, at most, twice in your whole life. Your answers want to choose the question seriously and you have to answer sincerely, but make certain you're actually painting a colorful and in depth portrait of yourself, not a very simple line sketch. In short, the interviewer is seeking to see how you are able to take care of an open ended question. Thus, you commit to writing a paper of mediocre quality because you believe that's the best that you can do with the time you've got at hand. If you don't have an idea what an essay depicting your person should include, you might get inspired by someone else. As soon as you have diverse sources for your upcoming paper, you should be mental or written notes with references to every body paragraph or the ideas. Finishing an art is vital. A History of Tell Me about Yourself Essay Sample Refuted You may need to frame the paragraphs on your own, though. Do not become stuck with material possessions and what you've achieved in life. The structure of private statement is much simpler. For instance, don't just tellme that you're hard-working. Another consideration should be what type of college you're applying to. Therefore, determining your aim of making an essay is essential for your better content further. Certain characteristics are desirable, but they're not unique. The tell me about yourself interview question offers you the chance to demonstrate the interviewer you're on the exact same page. The fact remains, they're all in business. There really is no incorrect answer so long as you stay within the guidelines for what interviewers are seeking. Sometimes seeing an illustration can be useful, though each individual's Tell me about yourself answer will differ. You should also obtain anti-plagiarism software to determine whether your content is 100% original. Composing your bio to have a social networking site usually suggests that it ought to be casual. As soon as it is acceptable and common to use the identical content across multiple applications, make sure that you read the directions carefully. For each category, make a list of all of the positive things you may think of about yourself.

Commercial Law Formation of Contract Law

Question: Describe about the Commercial Law for Formation of Contract. Answer: Formation of Contract Introduction: The case involves formation of contract in compliance with the regulations of Commercial Law, Singapore. The present situation covers the offer of sale of textbooks through social website, which stated all the necessary information. Issues: If the agreement forms enforceable contract as per commercial law transactions for sale of Introduction to Business Law in Singapore textbook along with the class notes. The details of the offer was provided on a social networking site on 1November 2014 which was made by Alan. He provided the product information with the description on contents of textbook, class notes, amount of consideration and payment details. Rules: As per the Singapore commercial law, chapter 8 on Contract Law an agreement is said to be legally formed if it contains mandatory requirements which include the following points: The parties involved in the contract should be competent as the capacity to form a legally binding contract There must be offer and acceptance clause in the legal contract along with the rights and obligations of the seller and buyer respectively (Wilkinson?Ryan Hoffman, 2015) There must be appropriate disclosure of contractual terms and conditions in the contract to provide the details on duration of the contract, product description, payment mode and payment value (Hansen et al., 2015). Application: In the present situation, the contract is said to be legally formed that was offered by Alan on the social site indicating all the relevant details. The contract included the information on the textbooks and class notes, amount of consideration and the date of payment i.e. 5 November 2014. Since the offer accepted by other parties for purchasing the books by other parties on the agreed consideration, payment date as well as contents of the materials, the contract was said to be legally formed. As the sales offer had been accepted by Bernard, Charleen and Damien according to the terms and conditions mentioned in the contract offered by Alan hence, all the individuals are contracting parties. Conclusion: The offered agreement provided by Alan formed the legal contract as it contained all the mandatory requirements in terms of offer, acceptance and consideration details. Further, the contracting parties in the case are Alan, Bernard, Charleen and Damien. Bernards legal position Introduction: The case consists of consideration of legal position of Bernard for the sale of textbook that was available for free at the education centre. Although the contract offered by Alan contained all the relevant information therefore, can be considered as illegal basis of contract. Issues: Considering the requirements of contract, it has been established whether Bernard is eligible to enforce any claim against the contract created by Alan. It has been observed that the contract terms agreed by Bernard and performed completely on 4 November 2014 for exchange of Commercial Law book and class notes amounted to $200.00. Bernard accepted the offer and made the payment on due date but he came to know about the availability of the textbook for free of cost at the education centre. Rules: As per the contract law regulations, it is important to have clear and unambiguous intention to create the contract. Additionally, it is significant to mention the complete information for the agreement content by the offering party including the consideration value and payment mode (Cassiers, Janssens van Zimmeren, 2016). Further, the contract law regulation mentions that the party who accepts the offer should conduct due diligence on the subject of the contract and other relevant factors. It is important that the contract should contain all the error and fraud free information meant to deceive the contracting party. Application: The present situation covers offer made by Alan for the sale of textbooks and class notes in exchange of consideration $200 though the social networking site. Alan provided all the details on the contents of Commercial Law textbook along with the payment information. Moreover, there must be clear and unambiguous information present in the contract for a valid contract but details on the content with respect to the availability from others is not required to be mentioned by the offeror (Rice, 2015). In the given situation, Alan did not mention the details on availability of free distribution of textbooks at the centre, which is not mandatory disclosure according to the rules of contract law. Bernard himself was responsible to research thoroughly for the availability of the books from other sources therefore; he is not eligible to claim against the Alan on the grounds of free distribution of books from other sources. Besides, if Bernard is able to prove the fraud intention of Alan for creating the contract the he can claim the against Alan for damages. Conclusion: If the fraud intention of Alan is proved then Bernard is eligible to sue Alan at the court on the deceiving grounds. Moreover, the chances of favorable judgment are very less since the contract information does not contain any loopholes. Legal position of Charleen Introduction: The case covers the contract with minor for the sale of textbook which does not legally enforceable as per the Minors Contract Act. Issues: Whether Charleen is eligible to enforce legal claim against Alan for the contract on textbook as per the rules of Commercial Law. In the given case contract formed between Charleen and Alan on 7 November 2014 for the purpose of purchase of books against the cash payments as per the contract terms. However, Charleen was considered to be a minor since she stated to be a student of GCE at O level. Rules: According to the Contract Law rules and Common Law provisions for Minor Contract Act, contract with minors are not enforceable if it is made for the benefit of contractual party. It has been stated that the contract with minors are separately governed in consideration with the contracting elements. As per section 2, under Minors Contract Act contract for transactions on acquisition of land or shares are binding on minors while contract on other matters are not legally enforceable on the minors (Ferradi et al., 2016). Application: In he given situation Alan entered in a contract with Charleen, minor party to sell the Commercial Law textbooks on payment of $200. Since the contract is not for acquiring the shares or land, the contract for sale of textbooks is not legally binding on Charleen. In view of the regulations of section 2, if the contract with minors is covered by a guarantee then also the same will not be enforceable on the minor party. Moreover, the contract bind the guarantors if the legal matters are just and equitable to do so (Deutsch, 2015). As the contract does not involve any guarantor and the matter is on sale of textbooks therefore, Charleen does not form any legal position in the contract. Conclusion: As the accepting party in the contract is minor for the sale of Commercial Law book for $200, the contract cannot be said to have formed in legal manner. Further, there was no guarantor involved in the contract hence it was not bounded on Charleen. Legal position of Damien Introduction: The situation involves contract between Alan and Damien for the sale of textbook. Further, the accepting party discovered the availability of book at free of charge from the education centre disclosure of which was not Alans responsibility. Issue: Whether Damien is entitled to claim the legal position against Alan for the damages on the contract of sale of textbook. The parties entered the contract on 4 November against the payment to be made in cash for the purchase of textbook and class note. Damien suffered the damage from the contract after he discovered the availability of the textbook for free of cost at the education centre on 23 November 2014. Rule: Contract Act rules under Business and Commercial Law states the responsibility of seller to disclose all the relevant facts on the contracting subject. In case the contract found to be created with the intention to deceive the party by stating misleading information, then the same would be considered as breach of contract and the offeror will be liable to pay for the damages. Moreover, the aggrieved party is required to prove the intentional fraud contained in the contract on part of the offering party (Howard, 2015). Application: In the contract, Damien entered into a contract with Alan for the purchase of Commercial Law textbook and class noted for $200. Later, Damien discovered the availability of textbook free of cost at the education centre after its acquisition from Alan. It can be contended that Alans intention was to deceive the parties for the sale of book at higher price even when the same was available for free at the centre. However, Alan was not responsible to provide the information of free availability of book from other sources as a result, Damien would not be eligible to sue Alan. Conclusion: It can be concluded that Damien has less possibility to receive the favorable decision against Alan at the court. As the contract not contained any fraud information, hence claim for damages cannot be made. Alternative dispute resolutions Alternative Dispute Resolution is a process that helps in resolving the friction between the contracting parties in accordance with the rules of Contract Law. Several types of alternate resolutions are available to resolve the disputes or conflicts between the parties, which include arbitration, mediation and neutral evaluation. Arbitration is a procedure, which requires the parties to appoint the respective lawyers to solve the conflict in the presence of arbitrator. Arbitrator is considered to be neutral party who consider the case for the benefit of both the disputing parties by applying the regulations to form a fair decision (Zhuang Chen, 2015). However, arbitration contains a disadvantage for not accepting the decision as the process is conducted by following the arguments of respective lawyers. Mediation, on the other hand is a process where an individual is appointed being neutral to the conflicting parties. The mediator is required to negotiate and resolve the conflict by a pplying favorable means for the parties, which measures the solution to influence the decision of both the parties (Menkel-Meadow, 2015). On the contrary, the significant disadvantage of the mediation is diversion opinion after the application of mediator decision. Neutral evaluation is process considered by the third party authorized to settle the dispute case and the parties are required to attend the trial session by evaluating the required evidences and regulations. One of the primary disadvantages of the neutral evaluation resolution is non- maintenance of privacy and safeguards to the contracting party relationships (Lande Benner, 2016). Reference List Cassiers, V., Janssens, M. C., van Zimmeren, E. (2016). License Contracts, Free Software and Creative CommonsAn Overview of the State of Play in Belgium. InFree and Open Source Software (FOSS) and other Alternative License Models(pp. 51-76). Springer International Publishing. Deutsch, M. (2015). Educating for a peaceful world. InMorton Deutsch: Major Texts on Peace Psychology(pp. 89-103). Springer International Publishing. Ferradi, H., Graud, R., Maimu?, D., Naccache, D., Pointcheval, D. (2016, June). Legally Fair Contract Signing Without Keystones. InInternational Conference on Applied Cryptography and Network Security(pp. 175-190). Springer International Publishing. Hansen, M., Bieker, F., Deibler, D., Obersteller, H., Schlehahn, E., Zwingelberg, H. (2015). Legal data protection considerations. InAttribute-based Credentials for Trust(pp. 143-161). Springer International Publishing. Howard, C. H. (2015). Towards a Broader Understanding of Privity Exceptions in Contract Law: Bestowing Limited Rights on Incidental Third-Party Beneficiaries in Construction Litigation to Fulfill Public Policy Objectives.Gonz. L. Rev.,51, 187. Lande, J., Benner, P. W. (2016). How Businesses Use Planned Early Dispute Resolution.Alternatives to the High Cost of Litigation,34(4), 49-57. Menkel-Meadow, C. (2015). Alternative and Appropriate Dispute Resolution in Context Formal, Informal, and Semiformal Legal Processes.Chapter,50, 1-28. Rice, W. E. (2015). Courts Gone Irrationally Biased in Favor of the Federal Arbitration Act-Enforcing Arbitration Provisions in Standardized Applications and Marginalizing Consumer-Protection, Antidiscrimination, and States' Contract Laws: A 1925-2014 Legal and Empirical Analysis.Wm. Mary Bus. L. Rev.,6, 405. Wilkinson?Ryan, T., Hoffman, D. A. (2015). The common sense of contract formation.Stanford Law Review,67, 14-5. Zhuang, W., Chen, F. (2015). Mediate First: The Revival of Mediation in Labour Dispute Resolution in China.The China Quarterly,222, 380-402.

Old Man And The Sea--Religious Reflection Essays -

Old Man And The Sea--Religious Reflection The Old Man and the Sea is a simple story, so simply and precisely told, that it invites the reader to fish for symbolism. We feel something more must be at work here then the surface plot. The text does seem to offer hints and clues, and critics have taken these tips and developed rather different readings of the story. The huge list of Christian reference in The Old Man and the Sea is unavoidable. The question is whether it amounts to anything that makes sense. A fish, first of all, has always been a symbol of Christ. Christ found St. James fishing in the Sea of Galilee, and promised to make him a ?fisher of men.? James was in a boat. James in Spanish is Santiago. The old man's journey out beyond all others lasts three days, the interval between the death and resurrection of Christ. A great focus of the novel is the old man's bloody hands, a crucifixion image. The old man's stumbling climb to his shack, carrying the mast on his shoulders, is a reference to Christ's climb up Cavalry with the cross on his back. When the old man reaches his shack, Hemingway takes the pains to describe the old man's sleeping position: he sleeps face down with his arms out, palms up, a crucified pose. The boy, seeing him like this with his beat-up hands, cannot stop crying. In another way, you can look at The Old Man and the Sea as religious symbolism, but for an unorthodox religion. Reading the book in this way expresses Hemingway's ?Religion of Man?. It is a religion of action, of achieving and maintaining Manhood. If anything counts in this world it is how someone does whatever it is someone does. This is especially true of life-and-death situations involving lonesome individuals. One must kill to live, and one must die, and these actions have no otherworldly importance. Their meaning resides in how they are enacted. How one dies matters. There is no eternal salvation, but meaning and purpose in this world derive from doing one's deeds well and bravely and truly, from being a man. To put it another way, it isn't whether you win or lose; it's whether you play the game like a man. Santiago has acted well and bravely and truly. He has killed like a man, and this gives meaning and purpose to his struggle. The final outcome is immaterial. The fish has acted well and bravely and truly. It has been a brother to Santiago, and it has died like a man. There is thus meaning and purpose in the fish's death. As you can see there are many ways to interpret The Old Man and the Sea, in a Christian light. It just depends on how well and how deeply you read the book. Bibliography Old Man and the Sea.... Hemmingway Book Reports

Social Mentions For Mobile The Best Way To Interact On Social Media

Social Mentions For Mobile The Best Way To Interact On Social Media You’re a Type A marketer who is ALWAYS on the go. Commuting between home and work†¦ Rushing to meetings†¦ Occasionally stealing 5 minutes to grab a latte†¦ #noshame But just because you’re away from the desk, doesn’t mean you stop working! Which meansyou need a mobile app that can keep up with you. An app with the same functionality as the desktop version†¦ with a slick interface for creating + editing foolproof social messages on the fly. Which is why I’m excited to announce ’s Mobile Refresh  and newest feature, Social @Mentions for Mobile! Focus on being an amazing ( + mistake-free) marketer and easily interact with your audience on social media, even when you’re on the go. With the Mobile Refresh and *new* Social @Mentions for Mobile, you can: Avoid (facepalm) mistakes and compose messages FASTER. With the mobile refresh, you get a NEW distraction-free message composer with larger font sizes and bolder colorsmaking it even easier to review your messages (and avoid mistakes) on the go. Add @mentions  to your social messages on the fly!  No more jumping from mobile to desktop just to add a @mention in a social message. With Social @Mentions  for Mobile, you can easily engage + interact with your audience on Facebook, Twitter, AND Instagram directly from your mobile device. Which means you can stay connected with your audience (and avoid any finger flubs) grab that latte†¦Ã°Å¸Ëœ  Thanks to a mobile app that can *actually* keep up with you.

IBM Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

IBM - Research Paper Example Thus, one does not have to worry about how things are being managed secretly in the cloud since the cloud is in charge for being extremely accessible as well as receptive to the requirements of the application (TechRepublic, 2008), (Hartig, 2009) and (TechTarget, 2007). This paper presents analysis of a real-life application of new technology at Amazon. This paper will analyze the application of new communication technology like wireless and "cloud computing" at Amazon. Cloud Computing at Amazon’s Business Amazon.com Inc., is one of the largest online sellers, has launched a new service that is focused on facilitating the management about making an easy management of their computing as well as web related functions. Though the use of new technology based arrangement at Amazon.com Inc., customers are able to utilize the new Elastic Beanstalk service to hit Amazon’s computing control even without having technological knowledge to execute applications (Galante, 2011). New Technology at Amazon This section discusses the new technology framework that Amazon.com has introduced.

Strategic management in an international context Q3 and 4 Case Study

Strategic management in an international context Q3 and 4 - Case Study Example The management strategized the Cooperation’s plans to fit the internal and external business environment, and its internal coherence without facing any challenge or influencing its operation negatively (Schultz & Gordon 2011, p27). Some of the issues surrounding Starbucks Corporation business environment includes competition, clients and suppliers, improvements in technology, market, laws and government, social and economic trends. Starbucks first strategy majored in competition. Outside the American boundary, Starbucks faced various competitive situations in every country it carried operations. On many occasions, competition was even more intense than in America. The withdrawal of Starbucks from Australia was an effect of a highly sophisticated coffee market developed and dominated by the Middle Eastern immigrants, Italians, and South Europeans. Throughout continental Europe, Starbucks had to face well-developed markets with excellent standards of coffee preparations and strong preferences. In addition to competition from the bottom, Starbuck faced competition from the top. For instance, the up market Italian coffee roaster illycafe was growing and expanding in America through Franchise arrangement with independent coffee houses. A good justification for the American gourmet coffee market was that immediately Starbucks had educated North America about happiness of good coffee, the new coffee connoisseurs move d on to seek superior alternatives to Starbucks. Therefore, Starbucks initiated various strategies to fit or overcome the competition. Starbuck joined single-served coffee pod systems pioneered by Nespresso subsidiary by launching its single serve, home coffee makers under its Verismo brand (Schultz & Gordon 2011, p. 221). Starbuck also reduced the prices of coffee, which increased sales. Therefore, they gained several customers; hence, more retained earnings and benefits. The next strategy of Starbucks is to fit in the social and economic trend.

Stages of Alzheimers Utilizing Machine Learning Techniques

Stages of Alzheimers Utilizing Machine Learning Techniques Abstract: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the general type of dementia that affects the elderly population globally. An accurate and early diagnosis of Alzheimer is crucial for the treatment of patients suffering from AD. In this paper, two different classifiers, SVM (Support Vector Machine) and an ANFIS (Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System) have been employed to classify patients between AD control, mild control and normal control. The system employed MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) data obtained from the ADNI dataset of 150 subjects consisting of 75 normal controls, 50 mild controls and 25 AD controls. Initially, image processing techniques like segmentation and feature extraction are applied on these MRI images to enhance the classification accuracy. The segmentation is performed using k-means clustering and a GLCM (Gray Level Co-Occurrence Matrix) are used to extract the 2D features of the left ventricle of the brain. The extracted features are then utilized to train the classifiers and the results obtained from both classifiers are then compared. It is shown that the classification accuracy of ANFIS is more when compared to that of SVM classifier. Keywords: Alzheimer, MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), ANFIS (Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System), SVM (Support Vector Machine). 1. Introduction Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative syndrome [1] of the brain tissues that results in progressive and permanent loss of mental function. The disease generally starts with mild indications and ends with severe damage in brain. The pathophysiology of the disease is associated with the damage and death of the neurons, originating in the hippocampus region of the brain that is involved with learning and memory, then atrophy impacts the whole brain. According to epidemiological information Alzheimer affects approximately 26 million people all over the world. In order to give proper care to AD patients, it is vital to measure the amount of atrophy present in the cerebral cortex during the initial stages of AD. The early detection of these diseases can greatly enhance diagnosis. But, diagnosis of this disease depends on the history, neuropsychological tests and clinical assessment. However, the clinical assessment is biased and the neuropsychological test does not provide high accuracy for early stage detection of the disease. In addition to neuropsychological analysis, structural imaging is greatly utilized in order to provide support to AD diagnosis. The whole brain approach utilized for describing the brain atrophy might be capable of differentiating between AD and MCI (mild cognitive impairment) patients. Recent researches [1, 2] show that the analysis of brain scan images is more consistent and subtle in identifying the presence of Alzheimer’s disease than the conventional cognitive assessment. In this circumstance, several machine learning approaches have been presented in order to perform neuroimaging analysis for classification of AD. In addition, all these approaches require training sets that is well categorized structure in order to classify each new subject that belongs to the test set. Recently MRI data have become center of several machine learning techniques for classifying subjects as CN vs. AD or CN vs. MCI. The focus of this paper is to classify between the different stages of AD utilizing machine learning techniques. Here, all the MRI brain scan images are segmented using k means clustering and the 2D shape features of the ventricles are obtained using GLCM based feature extraction. Then the extracted features are utilized for classification. First, an SVM based classifier is employed to classify the test data into three categories: normal, mild and AD. Second, an ANFIS based classifier is utilized for classification. Finally, the results of the two classifiers are compared and have been shown that ANFIS classifier outperforms SVM classifier. 2. Related Works Alzheimer’s disease (AD) classification is vital for early detection and diagnosis of the disease. Several studies explored machine learning techniques and artificial intelligence for detecting the cerebral changes and differentiate between normal aging and AD patients [1-3]. In [4] a support vector machine (SVM) based machine learning approach has been utilized for automatic classification entire brain anatomical MRI data to differentiate between elderly control and AD control patients. In this study, 16 patients with AD control and 22 patients with elderly control were used. Depending upon the gray matter characteristics extracted from region of interest (ROI), the SVM algorithm is used for classifying the subjects and the arithmetic procedures are based on bootstrap resampling in order to ensure the strength of the results. In [5] a local patch based subspace ensemble approach has been proposed that constructs several different classifiers depending on the various subsets of local patches and they are combined for robust and more accurate classification. Here, every brain image is segmented into number of local patches and the subset of patches is selected from the patch pool and a sparse representation based classifier technique has been used in order to construct a weak classifier. The multiple weak classifiers are then combined for making final decision. [6] A framework for classifying Alzheimer’s disease utilizing ADNI dataset is presented. The framework fuses overlap based and registration based similarity measures that are enhanced employing a self-smoothing operator. These enhanced metrics are then employed for the classification of Alzheimer disease. In [7] an automatic classification system for recognizing AD in MRI (structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging) has been developed. The system utilizes visual content description of anatomical brain structure (hippocampal region) and fuses two biomarkers CSF and hippocampus in order to enhance the classification accuracy. It is shown that the classification accuracy is more in case of fusion than when utilizing CSF volume or visual features separately. In [8] support vector machines (SVM) were assessed to determine whether data combined from various scanners would provide effective classification. Here, a linear SVM has been employed to classify GM (grey matter) portion of T1 weighted MR image. The results show that about 96% of clinically verified AD patients were accurately classified exploiting the entire brain image. [9] Classified between healthy, MCI and AD patients with the help of support vector machine (SVM). The author also analyzed the accuracy of classification when several a natomical brain regions and various image modalities are combined. Therefore, global and regional grey matter, regional asymmetry coefficients, Ti- quantitative MRI data and regional with matter volumes are combined. It shows that an accuracy of 88.3% in case of CTL vs. AD and 81.8 % in case of CTL vs. MCI was attained. In [10] a binary SVM has been proposed to classify patients between mild cognitive impairment and elderly control subjects from MRI images. This approach utilized a Java Agent DEvelopement Framework (JADE) in order to reduce the computation time. 3. Materials and Methods In this section, the data set and methods utilized in this study as well as the description of the proposed framework depicted in fig 1 are presented. 3.1 Subjects The data employed in this study were obtained from ADNI (Alzheimers disease Neuroimaging Initiative) database [11]. ADNI utilizes biomarker measures and neuroimaging in order to track the changes taking places in the brain of the subjects under study for diagnosing AD at an early stage. Fig 1 Block Diagram of the step involved in the classification of stages of AD 3.2 Image Preprocessing The collected T1 weighted MRI images were free from noise, missing data and outliers. In preprocessing step all the MRI brain images are segmented into VM, GM, CSF and Ventricle tissues that represent vital information about brain degeneration disease. A clustering based segmentation approach has been employed for this purpose. The k means clustering is exploited in order to extract the VM, GM and CSF features the entire MRI brain image. It partitions the data points into k clusters [12] based on the inherent distance between the data points. The intent is to minimize inter cluster variance. For a healthy MRI brain image, k is usually three (corresponding to grey matter, white matter and CSF). After segmenting the MRI brain images into GM, WM and CSF, morphological operations are applied to obtain the binary ventricle tissue. Here, morphological operators such as erosion and dilution are applied. 3.3 Feature Extraction In order to accurately classify AD patients ventricle shape features are extracted. In this work, the 2D shape features are extracted from the ventricles based on Gray-Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) feature extraction. This method computes the co-occurrence matrix of each image present in the database by calculating how frequently pixel x with certain intensity value take place in relation with other pixel y at a specific orientation ÃŽ ¸ and distance d. The eleven features calculated from every co-occurrence matrix, generates set of feature vectors. These feature vectors include contrast, homogeneity, energy, correlation, mean, variance, rectangularity, elongation, circularity, area and perimeter and listed in table 1. Table 1: Extracted Features

The Social Construction of Gender and Sexuality Essay -- Gender, argum

According to Johnny Weir, â€Å"Masculinity is what you believe it to be... [it is] all by perception, [I believe] masculinity and femininity is something that is very old-fashioned... [there is a] whole new generation of people who aren’t defined by their race or their sex or who they like to sleep with.† This statement exemplifies the definition of gender as a concept; gender is the expectations of a sex according to the culture of society. Sexuality, within this definition of gender, reflects society’s expectations, which are created in relation to the opposite sex. The variances between cultures means that gender expectations change within different cultures. These expectations put pressure on each member of society to conform and abide by the folkways of their own culture. The creation of gender expectations by society creates a restricting definition of gender roles and sexuality that vary from culture to culture. Society created the role of gender and created an emphasis on the differences between the two genders. Alma Gottlieb states: â€Å"biological inevitability of the sex organs comes to stand for a perceived inevitability of social roles, expectations, and meanings† (Gottlieb, 167). Sex is the scientific acknowledgment that men and women are biologically different; gender stems from society’s formation of roles assigned to each sex and the emphasis of the differences between the two sexes. The creation of meanings centers on the expectations of the roles each sex should fill; society creates cultural norms that perpetuate these creations. Gender blurs the lines between the differences created by nature and those created by society (Gottlieb, 168); gender is the cultural expectations of sexes, with meaning assigned to the diff... ...le or female actually identifies with their prescribed role depends on the socialization process and the way they identify with society’s expectations of them. The social construction of gender and sexuality all rely on the measure that people believe there is a difference between the two sexes, once this emphasis is taken away, is when gender roles will no longer play an integral role in the structure of society. Works Cited Gottlieb, Alma. "Interpreting Gender and Sexuality: Approaches from Cultural Anthropology." Exotic No More: Anthropology on the Front Lines. Ed. Jeremy MacClancy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2002. Kilbourne, Jean. Killing Us Softly. Media Education Foundation, 2010. Lancaster, Roger N. Life is Hard, Machismo, Danger, and the Intimacy of Power in Nicaragua. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1992. The Social Construction of Gender and Sexuality Essay -- Gender, argum According to Johnny Weir, â€Å"Masculinity is what you believe it to be... [it is] all by perception, [I believe] masculinity and femininity is something that is very old-fashioned... [there is a] whole new generation of people who aren’t defined by their race or their sex or who they like to sleep with.† This statement exemplifies the definition of gender as a concept; gender is the expectations of a sex according to the culture of society. Sexuality, within this definition of gender, reflects society’s expectations, which are created in relation to the opposite sex. The variances between cultures means that gender expectations change within different cultures. These expectations put pressure on each member of society to conform and abide by the folkways of their own culture. The creation of gender expectations by society creates a restricting definition of gender roles and sexuality that vary from culture to culture. Society created the role of gender and created an emphasis on the differences between the two genders. Alma Gottlieb states: â€Å"biological inevitability of the sex organs comes to stand for a perceived inevitability of social roles, expectations, and meanings† (Gottlieb, 167). Sex is the scientific acknowledgment that men and women are biologically different; gender stems from society’s formation of roles assigned to each sex and the emphasis of the differences between the two sexes. The creation of meanings centers on the expectations of the roles each sex should fill; society creates cultural norms that perpetuate these creations. Gender blurs the lines between the differences created by nature and those created by society (Gottlieb, 168); gender is the cultural expectations of sexes, with meaning assigned to the diff... ...le or female actually identifies with their prescribed role depends on the socialization process and the way they identify with society’s expectations of them. The social construction of gender and sexuality all rely on the measure that people believe there is a difference between the two sexes, once this emphasis is taken away, is when gender roles will no longer play an integral role in the structure of society. Works Cited Gottlieb, Alma. "Interpreting Gender and Sexuality: Approaches from Cultural Anthropology." Exotic No More: Anthropology on the Front Lines. Ed. Jeremy MacClancy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2002. Kilbourne, Jean. Killing Us Softly. Media Education Foundation, 2010. Lancaster, Roger N. Life is Hard, Machismo, Danger, and the Intimacy of Power in Nicaragua. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1992.

Case Analysis for Cirque du Soleil Case Essay

1. Describe how the touring show life cycle is supported by IT. While reading the case, you can access Cirque’s website and see actual applications (e.g. casting, ticket sales, and Cirque Club). According to this case, every step of the touring show life cycle is supported by IT. With regard to creation stage, IT plays an important role to improve this process. There is an application whose name is Open Eyes developed by IT. All of Cirque’s employees could access to Cirque’s Intranet and share interesting or surprising discoveries to others. Moreover, sharing this kind of information is significant to Cirque du Soleil because it keeps Cirque du Soleil staying top of the newest artistic rends. With regard to design stage, there are several applications created by IT to make those activities of design stage more effective and convenient. A costume application can save a lot of different measurements to costume patterns for every artist and keep this information in a database. The more important point is that this application connects with other applications to manage diverse sides of costume-making process. With regard to preparation stage, there is a Kin-Cirque application developed by IT to help artists practice reinforce their training experience. Physical fitness specialists could know how every artist’s physical condition develops. In addition, Kin-Cirque application connected with other applications to provide the exact physical measurements and needs of artists to equipment department. Then the equipment department can complete their jobs more easily. With regard to the diffusion of Cirque shows, IT has great influences on improving customer’s experience. There is an official website created by IT. People can access to this website from various parts of world. Especially the online forum where people can find special promotion, press galleries, and employment opportunities and so on was built up by IT. What is more, customers can purchase show tickets, select the seats, get the direction and so forth through an online box office. With regard to logistics stage, an e lectronic document management system and linguistic software are created by IT. They can coordinate and calibrate more than 150000 terms which depict countless equipment used at Cirque. Also they are stored in the Cirque’s databases. In addition, â€Å"IT roadcases† and VoIP technology which help Cirque du Soleil reduce a great  amount of time of touring infrastructure were developed by IT. Finally with regard to resource management, IT is widely applied to increase efficiency. IT developed an application which can assist the casting department to manage the artist bank and projects that could be old one, present one and future one. Applicants could submit their videos or performances via this application to conduct the recruitment process and their application materials would be stored in the databases. And that the Virtual Talent Scout was developed in Sep 2007. The pool of talent was enlarged by the Virtual Talent Scout. This increases Cirque’s abilities to deal with artist injury, increasing demand and accidents. In a word, to a large extent the whole touring show life cycle is supported and ameliorated by IT. 2. What was the level of alignment at Cirque du Soleil in 2008? According to the introduction of the case, the level of alignment at Cirque du Soleil is quite high in 2008.   First of all, the touring IT experts work closely with each other, even they are not in the same location. Everyone in the IT team performed as an integral and can resolve a big problem effectively and corporately. Secondly, there are a lot of servers all over the world. Employees can be easy to access to the applications and communicate with others, company, related department and so on very well. In short, in 2008 people at Cirque du Soleil can work together tightly and complete a great number of successful performances around the world. So it is a very high level of alignment at Cirque du Soleil in 2008. 3. What was the level of tension between the business needs and IT capacity? Through reading the whole case, I think the level of tension between the business needs and IT capacity is low. Because IT has improved the whole touring show life cycle and make the business effectively. Moreover, the most important point is that IT has help Cirque du Soleil to increase its customers and reduce the time of setting up the touring infrastructure which means cost of time. According achievements of IT, I could say there was a low level of tension between the business needs and IT capacity. 4. What are the key requirements, in terms of the IT architecture, of the support provided by IT at Cirque du Soleil? IT group needs to integrate the data from diverse activities. The design, ongoing improvement, growth of business, applications should meet the company’s business requirements. Moreover, IT group needs to do their best to make Cirque du Soleil operate efficiency  through information integration and management. Of course, IT group should maintain the databases and ensure all information is updated.

Tips for Moving Back in With Your Parents After College

Sure, moving back in with your parents may not have been your first choice for what to do after you graduated from college. Many people, however, move back in with their folks for a wide range of reasons. No matter why youre doing it, there are some steps you can take to make the situation easier for everyone. Set Reasonable Expectations True, you may have been able to come and go as you please, leave your room a disaster, and have a new guest over every night while you were in the residence halls, but this arrangement may not work for your folks. Set some reasonable expectations — for everyone involved — before you even step through the door. Set Some Ground Rules Alright, you may have to have a curfew so your poor mother doesnt think something terrible has happened to you if youre not home by 4:00 in the morning — but your mom also needs to understand that she cant just barge into your room without any notice. Set some ground rules as soon as possible to make sure everyone is clear on how things will work. Expect a combination of a roommate relationship and a parent/kid relationship. Yes, youve had roommates for the past several years, and you may view your parents as similar to them. Your parents, however, will always view you as their child. Do your best to keep this in mind as you figure out how things will work once you move back in. Sure, it seems ridiculous for a roommate to want to know where youre going every night. But your parents probably have a legitimate right to ask. Set a Time Frame Do you just need someplace to crash between when you graduate from college and when you start graduate school in the fall? Or do you need somewhere to live until you can save enough money on your own to get your own place? Talk about how long you plan on staying — 3 months, 6 months, 1 year — and then check back in with your parents once that time frame is up. Discuss Money, No Matter How Awkward No one really likes to talk about money. But addressing the topic with your parents — how much youll pay in rent, for food, to get back on their health insurance plan, or if the car youve been borrowing needs more gas — will help prevent a ton of problems later. Have Your Own Support Networks Ready to Go After living on your own or in the residence halls during college, living with your parents can become very isolating. Do your best to have systems in place that provide you with an outlet and support network that is separate from your parents. The Relationship Is Give and Take — Both Ways Yes, your parents are letting you stay at their place, and yes, you may pay rent to do so. But are there other ways you can help, especially if money is tight for everyone? Can you help around the house — with yard work, fix-it projects, or technical support for the computers they can never get to work right — in ways that will make your living relationship much more symbiotic? The Person Who Moves Back Is Not the Same Person Who Left Your parents may have a very specific — and outdated — idea of who is moving back in with them. Take a deep breath and do your best to remind them that, while you left the house as an 18-year-old college freshman, you are now returning as a 22-year-old, college-educated adult. Now Is the Time to Build Your Own Life — Not Pause It Just because you are at your parents place, waiting until you can move out on your own, doesnt mean your life is on pause. Volunteer, date, explore new things  and do your best to continue learning and growing instead of just waiting for your first opportunity to move on to somewhere else. Enjoy Yourself This may seem completely unthinkable if moving back in with your folks was the last thing you wanted to do. However, living at home can be a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to finally learn your moms secret fried chicken recipe and your dads amazing way with woodworking tools. Live it up and take in as much as you can.

Effects Of Stress On Children Suffering Of Posttraumatic...

Section B: 1. Considering the trauma Tony had faced at 8 years old and especially taking into consideration the injuries of his family that occurred from their house burning down we can relate it to the difficulties Tony is now facing. Of this incident, Tony can no longer remain on his own, as he tends to be irritable and hyperactive as well as experiencing difficulty during the night as it often contains frightening nightmares of being trapped. Therefore, this has the result to Tony refusing to sleep on his own he must be accompanied by both parents. However, based on these emotional difficulties Tony has been experiencing he is experiencing a Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). In reference to his terrifying nightmares of feeling†¦show more content†¦In regards, of Tony’s emotional difficulty in terms of suffering from PTSD this can contribute to further emotional or psychiatric difficulties. Firstly, this can result of one to also experience a generalized anxiety which r elies on a heavy concern of worrying of events and activities which could trigger for Tony as he already can not tolerate being alone. Next, can also contribute to separation anxiety, which tends to describe youths who suffer from a significant amount of anxiety when separating from a parent as noticed in Tony’s circumstance he can’t sleep without both parents being present. Also, another factor could result of panic which consist of a sense of fear or terror (Wicks-Nelson Israel, 2013). In association to Tony, we already witness horrifying nightmares about being trapped. However, depression is often as well an associated symptom, which consist of a person undergoing a very dark moment conflicting ones ability of functioning which can be highly reflected upon Tony as he has been referred to as not doing well. Lastly, ADHD is also a concern that consist of one who to have difficulty sustaining focus, and leading one to be fidgety where this has been apparent in Tony a s he has been

Essay on Analysing the Recent Economic Recession and Its...

The business cycle is the short-run alternation between economic downturns and economic upturns (Investopedia n.d.). A recession is an economic downturn and happens in every country and some recessions are worse than others and the output of GDP and employment are falling farther and faster. The great depression lasted from 1929-1933 and was a deep prolonged downturn in the business cycle before a recovery/expansion of the business cycle occurred and GDP and employment started to rise (Krugman Wells. 2012). The next recession lasted from 1981-1982 and was comparatively smaller than the first (Krugman Wells. 2012). More recently in 2001 a slump in the economy was noted and was followed by the great rescission of 2007-2009 (Krugman †¦show more content†¦An examples of the circular cash flow model is demonstrated in figure 21-6. â€Å"Firms produce output and then pay income to households and households then use this income to buy goods expenditure† (Pettinger. n.d.). Unemployment Rate Labor Force Participation Rate Labor force is the amount of people who are employed and currently have a job and the people who are unemployed and currently do not have a job (Krugman Wells. 2012). The labor force participation rate is calculated with people sixteen years of age and older that are employed, while the unemployment rate is measured by the percent of the total number of people sixteen years of age and older who do not have a job (Krugman Wells. 2012). The United States assigns the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) with the task of tracking the employment and unemployment rate of the labor force in the United States (BOOK). 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Progress or Collapse The Crises of Market Greed

Question: Describe about the Progress or Collapse: The Crises of Market Greed? Answer: Introduction: Founded in 1984, Virgin Atlantic has grown to become one of the largest airline companies in England (Virgin Atlantic 2013). The company currently operates as a joint venture with the Singapore Airline, which owns 49% stake. Even though the company was started to provide flights between London and Falkland Islands alone, the increased demand for the airline services forced the company to increase its travel destinations. Today, the airline provides air transport to different destinations around the world, including Europe, Asia, Africa, America and Australia using a mixed fleet of Boeing and Airbus. Part One (1A) Objectives of Virgin Atlantic Airways (VAA) As one of the fastest growing airline companies in the world, the key objective of Virgin Airways is to become the most preferred airline of choice across the continent. In this regard, Virgin Atlantic has put his focus in providing an airline that is not only cheap, but also creates comfort to its clients. According to the CEO of the company, one of the main aims of the company is to provide its clients with quality services that they cannot get elsewhere (Virgin Atlantic 2013). These include good customer service, inexpensive charges for flights and good flight experience among other services that their clients might need. Like many other airline, Virgin Atlantic also aims to become a profitable airline. Even though the company has been reporting huge losses in the past few years, the company believes that it would soon start registering profits. In 2013 financial year, for instance, Virgin Atlantic reported a loss of 128.4 million. However, the company believes that by improving t he quality of service delivery as well as expanding its program coverage, the company will become the airline of choice to people across the globe. In return, this will make the company profitable. In addition, Virgin Atlantic aims to become an example to other airlines in the industry by setting standards for them to emulate. This includes flying airlines that are green and fuel efficient. So far, global warming is one of the major environmental issues affecting the world. Therefore, Virgin Atlantic aims to set an example by providing green airlines. In fact, the company is already in the process of going green. In 2006, the company announced it plans to invest 1.7 million the production of renewable energy. As earlier mentioned, the aim of making such a huge investment is to lower level of carbon emissions that cause global warming effect currently felt in different parts of the world. The purposes and objectives of Virgin Atlantic are different from those of the British Red Cross. Formed in 1870 the purpose of the British Red Cross is to provide humanitarian assistance in disaster stricken areas in the U.K (Laking 2011, p. 3). This is a direct contrast the purpose of Virgin of providing air transport services to different destinations around the world. Britain, as other parts of the world is prone to disasters. Therefore, in the event that disaster strikes in the UK, such as a fire break out, the British Red Cross normally comes in to provide evacuation assistance. In addition, it ensures that people injured during a disaster receive first aid treatment and rushed to the hospital. Further, British Red Cross also provides food assistance to the hungry in the UK In this regard, it becomes apparent that the purposes of the two organizations contrast with one another. Secondly, whereas Virgin Atlantic aims at making huge profits, British Red Cross main aim is to ensure that people receive humanitarian assistance free of charge (Laking 2011, p. 3). As a non-profit making organization, British Red Cross does not provide services with the aim of profit as Virgin Atlantic does. This is attributable to the fact that British Red Cross gets funded through donors and well wishers. However, both Virgin Atlantic and the British Red Cross aim to ensure that their clients receive quality services. As earlier mentioned, Virgin Atlantic is working tirelessly towards ensuring that traveling using its airline services receive lucrative travel experience. British Red Cross, on the other hand, also aims to ensure that British nationals affected by a disaster receive quality care (Laking 2011, p. 6). These include faster response to disasters and other areas of in need of emergency services. AC 1.2 Responsibilities of VAA towards its key stakeholders: Stakeholder Objectives of Stakeholder Strategies to obtain this Customers Customers expects the company to provide them with quality and affordable flight services and good customer experience provide customers with lucrative air travel at an affordable cost the company offers exceptional customer experience charges is cheaper compared to other airlines in the industry Employees/Staffs Their objective is to attain adequate management support and empowerment to work independently Management motivates and empowers employees to participate in the decision-making process Adequate employee benefits Investors Their objective is to ensure that a company protects their investments (Moscaritolo 2014, p. 5). fulfils contractual obligation of protecting the investment that shareholders have put in the company determined to turnaround the company by posting huge profits in the future AC 1.3 Organizational Responsibilities: Responsibility Why it is a responsibility? Strategies obtained Equal Opportunity It states that every individual is equal and that the company has equal responsibility to each of the stakeholders Effective law and policies to impart equal opportunity to every stakeholder Social contribution The society expects Virgin Atlantic to act ethically and under corporate social responsibility initiatives to protect the environment. The company is undertaking a number of corporate social responsibility initiatives aimed at improving the lives of people in society. As part of corporate social responsibility, Virgin Atlantic is actively involved in environmental conservation initiatives aimed to make society a better place to live. The company also announced its plan to invest $400 million to build the largest bioethernal refineries in the world. In 2006, the company announced a plan to invest 1.7 billion on renewable energy (Moscaritolo 2014, p. 5) Customer preferences Customers satisfaction is the greatest essence for any business organization Customers decide profitability or loss of an organization Cost-effective services Excellent customer services Beneficial offers Health safety It is the foremost objective and responsibility because it ensures safety aspects of every individual AC 2.2 Impact of fiscal monetary policies upon VAA The recent financial crisis of 2007/2008 did have a ripple effect on the US economy. In fact, economists claim that the UK is still suffering from the effects of the recent global financial meltdown that affected almost all sectors of the economy in the UK The manufacturing industries in the UK were among the worst hit sectors of the economy that registered a decline of 7% between 2008 and 2013. Unemployment rates also increased to 8.1% in 2011 (Moulds and Inman 2013, p. 6). The airline industry was among the worst hit industries. According to Steve Ridgway, the CEO of Virgin Atlantic Airways, no single airline is immune from recession. He made this statement in reference to the fact that Virgin Atlantic, like other airlines, such as the British Airways suffered from recession. For instance, Virgin Atlantic was forced to downsize due to the recession by laying off about 600 workers in order to cut down cost. The recession also affected Virgin Atlantic Airways in that had to cut the pay of some of its employees to reduce cost. In addition, the company shareholders were also severely affected by the drop in the share prices. In fact, the CEO of the company Steve Ridgway reveals that shareholders received very little dividends on their investments because of the recession that affected the airline industry. The most surprising thing, however, is that the UK government failed to offer any assistance to the airline industry during the recession. These fiscal and monetary initiatives have had a huge impact on Virgin Atlantic operations. For instance, the qualitative easing policy initiative have encourage consumer spending in this country. This impacted positively Virgin Atlantic Airways by making money available to passengers to spend on air transport. The increased number of passengers on VAA has increased the revenue of the company. As a matter of fact, VAA experienced a decline in the number of UK passengers using the company airline services during the recession due to lack of money. However, the company has been experiencing an increase in the number of passengers since the BOE introduced the QE monetary policy. The monetary and fiscal policies initiated by BOE have also improved economic growth, as well as reducing inflation rates in the country. Most airline companies, including VAA experienced a rise in the cost of service delivery due to the increase in the cost of fuels during recession. In fact, VAA has attributed the losses it has made in the recent past partly to the rising cost of fuel. However, the situation has changed significantly in the company since the UK government initiated the fiscal and monetary policies. According to Whish (2008, p. 56), the fiscal and monetary initiatives have contained inflation, which has resulted in a reduction in fuel prices in the country. The reduction in fuel prices has been a reprieve to VAA since this has significantly reduced the cost it incurs in buying fuel, which has also translated to a reduction in the cost of operations. AC 2.3 Impact of UK/EU competition regulatory policies on VAA Fiscal and monetary initiatives have had a huge impact on Virgin Atlantic operations. For instance, the qualitative easing policy initiative have encourage consumer spending in this country. This impacted positively Virgin Atlantic Airways by making money available to passengers to spend on air transport. TheCompetition Act 1998, Enterprise Act 2002 and Article 101/102 of the EU legislations are the most important statuteslegislations. These laws prohibit agreements or practices that restrict free trading and competition between business entities. The Enterprise act 2002 as well as article 85 or 86 of the EU legislation were actually enacted for promoting free competition as well as preventing development of monopolies. Thus, the UK/EU competition as well as regulatory policies would benefit VAA performances as the policies usually create an environment whereby free competition is permitted. For instance, lack of the policy might create an environment that promotes monopoly, which would be disadvantageous to VAA. Therefore, the UK/EU competition as well as regulatory policies would create an environment to favor all market players within the airline industry in Europe. AC 3.2 Forces of demand and supply upon pricing decisions sales of VAA Pricing and sales decisions of any company operating in a competitive market are depended on the forces of demand and supply. VAA is one of the airline companies that operate in a very competitive environment. This implies that, in order for the company to gain competitive advantage, it must consider the forces of supply and demand in the industry (Johnson, Scholes and Whittington 2010). Some of the airline companies that VAA competes with include the British Airways, Ryan Air and Easy Jet just to name but a few. Therefore, in making pricing decisions, VAA must consider the supply factor. According to the law of supply, an increase in price in the market results in an increase in the quantity supplied, ceteris paribus. Therefore, in making a pricing decision, VAA will have to consider the supply element. As such, before fixing a price for its airline tickets, VAA will have to consider the number of airlines in the industry. This is attributable to the fact that charging high prices f or tickets in a market with many airlines will make VAA lose the passengers using its airline services to its rival firms, such as British airways, Easy Jet and Ryan Air among other airline companies. Therefore, it would be prudent for VAA to set ticket prices competitively after taking the supply of airline into consideration. This implies that, VAA will have to set ticket prices not too high or too low in comparison to other firms' ticket prices in the airline industry. At the same time, VAA must consider the demand factor in the market before setting prices for air tickets and other services. According to the law of demand, the higher the price, the lower the demand while the lower the price the higher the demand. This implies that it would be prudent for VAA to charge higher prices for its airline tickets when the demand for its airline services is high. This is because the high demand will mean few airline tickets (Johnson, Scholes and Whittington 2010). As such, the many passengers who wish to fly on VAA airline will be scrambling for the few available tickets making it easy for VAA to charge highly for the tickets. However, when demand for its airline declines, VAA will have to lower its ticket prices in order to attract more passengers to travel on its airline. Therefore, taking into consideration the forces of demand and supply will certainly be very crucial in making pricing and sales decisions. Impact of business environment on behavior of VAA: The way the business environment affects the behavior of VAA can be evaluated using PEST analysis tool. PEST is an acronym that stands for political, environmental, social and technological factors that affect a firm. Politically, VAA operates in an environment full of government interventions. For instance, the company's operations are affected with the taxes imposed by different countries on landing and packing (Moscaritolo 2014, p. 5). At the same time, some countries where the VAA operates are facing political instabilities. These among other factors impact negatively on the company's operations. Regarding economic environment, the operations of VAA have been impacted negatively in the past by increases in the cost of fuels, recession, high insurance and security costs, as well as increased rate of unemployment. These factors are partly responsible for the declined profitability of the company in the recent past. Regarding social environment, the operations of VAA are affected by the cultural aspects, career attitudes, as well as seasonal offers. Since the socio-cultural influences value from one place to another, VAA constantly evaluates the customer attitudes in different parts of the world before beginning to fly its airplanes these regions. Technology is another factor that affects VAA's strategic planning initiatives. Therefore, to keep up with the technological advancement, VAA has implemented the internet for distribution and cost synergy. In addition, the company also offers online ticketing services, as well as e-marketing. In addition, most operations of the company have been computerized to increase efficiency in service delivery. Cultural factors: Culture is a major factor that affects the airline industry. Virgin Atlantic is one of the airlines that have been confronted with cultural influences. For instance, the company has always found it had penetrating into some Asian countries due to cultural influences, such as religion and the fact that it is a British company (Moscaritolo 2014, p. 5). At the same time, the company is sometimes forced to abide by the cultures adopted in certain countries in order to get landing license. Impact of international trade: Virgin Atlantic Airways has been greatly benefiting from the aspect of international trade. Being a firm that offers the service of air transport to various destinations across the globe, the company is likely to benefit from varied approaches of international trade as it would give it the opportunity to explore innovative markets to bring about growth as well as profitability (Johnson, Scholes and Whittington 2010). Presently there exist some potential markets to bring about expansion of the company operations. Hence, international trade would definitely make it possible for the company to enhance its own market share within new markets where it has yet not ventured. The company would even benefit from various approaches of international trade by means of brand awareness as well as networking. There are several people who have not heard about the company. Nevertheless, international trade is said to offer the company some explicit opportunities to create its brand awareness. Besides , international trade would lead to enhancement of imports as well as exports amidst nations by providing VAA with a business opportunity. Impact of Global Factors: Multinational companies, such as VAA are normally confronted with another of factors, including political, economical, sociological, technological, legal and environmental factors. Political: VAA is hugely affected by the taxes levied in different countries where it operates for landing and fuel. Economical: Globally, the interest rate fluctuation normally affects the company's pricing decisions. At the same time, the global prices of oil also affect the VAA's profitability as was evident during the recent recession that caused global increase in prices of oil. Social: The operations of VAA are also affected largely by social factors. For instance, the company is required by law to abide by certain safety measures both on the ground and on board (Moscaritolo 2014, p. 5). At the same time, the increase in population, as well as ageing populations also affect the activities of the airline. For instance, an increase in baby boomers implies that there are many people with disposable income, which increases the company's profitability. Technological: Research shows that as the technological advancements experienced in the recent past has impacted hugely on the activities of VAA. For instance, the company has had to computerize its operations to increase efficiency. Currently, VAA offers online ticketing services with the help of technology. At the same time, the company engages in e-marketing for its products and services. Today, the company uses various social media platforms to create brand awareness and engage with its customers. This has helped improve the relationship between the VAA and its customers. Legal: Some of the legal aspects within various nations are said to affect the company operations. The firm has revealed that nations maintain strict laws thereby making the operation difficult. For instance, some nations put restrictions upon landing time that impacts negatively upon the operations of airlines within such nations. Environment: The aspect of global warming is considered to be a key environmental issue that affects the world today. Thus, airlines companies must reduce the level of fuel emissions for mitigating the global warming issue. In compliance with the legal law, the company is in the process of implementing a raft of initiatives, involving investments within renewable sources of energy for reducing the level of emissions from its airplanes (Moscaritolo 2014, 5). However, this is associated with a cost since the airline is forced to spend huge amounts of money upon the project. Impact of the European Union Policies on VAA: A reduction within international border of trade as well as agreement would certainly benefit the company greatly. It is due to the fact that such type of barriers would usually make the trade amidst countries quite difficult. Thus opening up trade amidst nations would mean that the company would get more and more customers willing to travel by airlines, thereby resulting in enhanced sales as well as profit. The harmonization of technical as well as safety standards abided on varied products (Johnson, Scholes and Whittington 2010). Therefore, harmonising the standards will make the work of VAA easy. Exercise duties and fiscal barriers normally make the operation of VAA difficult. This is because the company has to comply with one after the other. Therefore, closer harmonization of excise duties and VAT will make the work of VAA easier, as well as increase faster compliance. Economic systems (LO2.1) Generally speaking, economists recognize three fundamental economic systems that determine what goods to produce, how it is produced and to whom the goods or services in question are produced. The three economic systems include free market, command and mixed market economies. The three types of economic systems differ from each other with regard to the manner in which economic decisions are made. Free Market Economy: A free market economy is one of the most common types of economic systems in operation in many countries across the globe. In this type of economy, key economic decisions are made by individuals themselves (De Vogli 2013, p. 6). This implies that there is no government control over the economic decision that an individual makes. As such, in a free market economy, consumers are free to purchase the goods of their choice without interference from the government or other external forces. Similarly, in a free market economy, corporations are free to make their own economic decisions. In this regard, firms are free to produce goods of their choice without interference or being told by the government. This implies that firms are allowed in a free market economy to produce goods and services, which they believe will attract a large number of consumers. This implies that if a firm chooses a wrong product to produce, it may be forced out of business due to lack of customers to buy the product s. However, if a firm chose the right product or service to produce in such a market, it sells well and makes profits. A free market economy is also characterized with high competition. In fact, economists believe that a free market economy is perfectly competitive due to the existence of many autonomous buyers and sellers. The competitiveness in a free market economy is also exuberated by the fact that there is free entry and exit of firms. This is attributable to the fact that such a market has no barriers to entry and exit of any firm (De Vogli 2013, p. 6). Therefore, firms are forced to compete fiercely for the consumers available in the market while consumers also compete among themselves for the products and services on offer. A free market economy is also recognized by the pricing mechanism. Since the market is perfectly competitive, prices in the market are mainly dictated by the forces of demand and supply. This implies that no single firm has the power to control the prices in the market. As such, it is normally known as a price mechanism market. A majority of major economies in the world, including the United States, Germany and Japan is all free market economies. Command Market: Command or planned economy is also another economic system mainly adopted by emerging economies (Shapiro 2007, p. 26). As the name implies, within a command economic system, it is assessed that the government is said to control the three economic decisions, including what to produce, how to produce and whom to produce the goods and services. As such, unlike in a free market economy, whereby a company is usually free for producing goods as well as services, command economy does not allow it to occur. Instead, the government is said to dictate the firms what they must produce, irrespective of whether the goods will be sold or not. This is attributable to the fact that the government owns all the country's factors of production. Shapiro (2007, p. 27) noted that the only factor of production where the government has no total control in a command economic system is the labor. However, the government has some degree of control over workers. Within a planned economy, no free enterprise exis ts as is the case within free market economies. In fact, in a planned economy, the government, consumers and employees all work for a common good rather than for self interest as evident in communist countries, such as in the former Soviet Union. Unlike in a free market economies where competition is high, there is very little or no competition in a planned economy. As a result, there is no price mechanism in a command economy. This implies that, unlike in a free market economy, where forces of demands and supply determine the prices of goods and services, price mechanism does not exist in a planned economy. As such, prices of goods and services are set by authorities. Some of the practical command economies in the world include China and South Korea. Mixed Economies: As suggested by the name, a mixed economy refers to an economic system whereby the extremes of both the free market as well as command economies exist. As a mixed economy combines the characteristics of both the economies, the theory fails to answer the economic questions of what to produce, how to produce and whom to produce. This is due to the fact that mixed economy is a complement of both the economies. Hence within a mixed economy, some factors of production are owned by the national government whereas some are owned privately. This denotes the absence of absolute ownership of factors of production by either individuals or individuals. Within the economic system, self-interest is partially a motivational factor of the economy. It denotes that consumers can freely maximize their welfare just like within a free market economy (Shapiro 2007, p. 31). However, the government is also said to play a significant role to fulfill good objective. As referred to competition, the private sector of mixed economy may be quite competitive. The government Control reduces the competition to a great extent. Also within a mixed economy, the mechanism of pricing operates within the private sector. But, the efficiency of price mechanism is based upon the degree of market competition. In the United Kingdom, the government is said to normally provide programs like that of education as well as NHS quite fr ee at the point of use. Also, the government at times imposes some charges for providing services, such as lunch. Effectiveness of allocation of resources: Depending upon the way the economic systems would allocate resources, it would become apparent that a free market economy is said to allocate resources more effectively than the mixed economies. As stated previously, within a free market economy firms are quite free to produce goods of choice without interruption from government (Shapiro 2007, p. 36). In addition, resources are privately owned by individuals. This refers to an efficient manner of allocating resources as compared to mixed resources. The fact that individuals have the power of allocating resources on an individual basis is effective since an individual either buys or sell goods, which one wants. This is not usual within command economy whereby the government is said to control the manner of resources allocation. Furthermore, the fact that in a command economy the government has absolute control of how resources are allocated, this is susceptible to abuse (Whish 2008, p. 52). This is because authorities might favour som e areas resulting in unequal distribution of resources. The same applies to a mixed economic system, which does not allocate resources effectively due to government control over some sectors of the economy. Therefore, it's certain that a free market allocate resources more effectively than the other two economies. Determination of prices output decisions in a perfect competitive market: Basically, firms operate in different types of markets that dictate how prices and outputs decisions are made. The different markets include a perfectly competitive market, monopoly, monopolistic competition and oligopoly. In this regard, the pricing and output decisions are made in accordance with the nature of the market. Pricing output decisions in a perfectly competitive market: Generally the pricing as well as output decisions are based upon the way a market is deemed competitive. This is applicable to a perfectly competitive market, whereby the pricing as well as output decision taken in accordance with the market attributes. A perfectly competitive market refers to the type of market where several buyers as well as sellers exist (De Vogli 2013, p. 13). Within this type of market, the products sold are quite identical in nature, thus form many substitutes. Also no barriers to entry and exist of firms exist within the market. Thus due to the competitive nature of the market, the prices at which goods are usually sold are well determined by the market forces of supply as well as demand. This is said to imply that sellers or firms possess no control over prices of goods as well as services within the market. For instance, in a perfectly competitive market, no single company can dictate the prices of products as well as services due to the existence of several sellers who offer substitute products (Whish 2008, p. 56). This implies that, if one firm decides to increase the prices of goods, consumers would simply move to other sellers who supply the same goods at a low price. This makes firms that increase their prices to lose their market share. Gasoline market is a classical example of a perfectly competitive market where the pricing and output decisions are determined by the forces of demand and supply. This implies that, a single firm in a gasoline market has very little control over the prices to charge. As such, as long as the station is busy getting customers, there is no reason for such a gasoline station to lower prices. However, if the gasoline station increases its gasoline prices by say 5 cents a gallon, this will result in the gasoline station losing its customers to other gasoline stations selling gasoline at a cheaper price than the station. The pricing and output decisions in a pure monopoly are quite different with that in a perfectly competitive market. To begin with, a pure monopolistic market is one where there is only a single producer of product or services, but with many consumers. As a result, there is no competition in a pure monopoly (De Vogli 2013, p. 19). This implies that the monopoly produces the goods at its own pleasure. At the same time, the goods supplied by a monopoly have no close substitute. Unlike in a perfectly competitive market where there is free entry and exit, in a purely monopolistic market, entry is blocked and the monopoly focuses mainly on the maximization of profits. Since only one firm exists in the market, prices of goods and services are not determined by the forces of demand and supply. Instead, the monopoly has absolute control over the prices in the market due to lack of substitutes for the product or service in the market. At the same time, monopolist has no ability to sell as much as it desires at the prevailing market price. Rather, if a monopolist intends to sell a large quantity of goods, it must lower prices. Shapiro (2007, p. 70) attributed this to the fact that for a monopolist has a downward-slopping as the firm sells to the entire market. In addition, for a monopolist who wants to maximise profits, then firm must continue producing the good as long as the marginal cost is less than marginal revenue. Public utilities are a good example of pure monopolies. A monopolistic competition refers to a market structure with relatively a large number of firms producing products which are similar but not identical (De Vogli 2013, p. 22). This type of market is almost similar to a perfectly competitive market in the sense that there are many firms in the industry with each producer selling a small part of the goods supplied in the market. Like in a perfectly competitive market, there is free entry and exit of firms in a monopolistic competition. In addition, buyers in a monopolistic competition market are believed to have perfect information regarding the prices of goods and services in the market. Generally, a monopolistically competitive firm is a price maker (Shapiro 2007, p. 76). This is attributable to the fact that, even though there are many small firms in the market, the products dealt with are not identical. However, the pricing decisions of such firms are made depending on the short or long-run prevailing conditions. In this regard, in the short run, a monopolistic completion is similar to a perfect monopoly. However, the firm is only able to maximise its profits where marginal revenue is equal to the marginal cost. However, at the point where average total cost equals the price, a monopolistically competitive firm will only earn normal profit. This is different will the long-run where a monopolistically competitive firm does not earn economic profit, rather earns just a normal profit. As profits in the short-run attract new firms in the industry, this increases competition resulting in increase in average cost. Oligopoly by definition refers to a market structure dominated by few firms (Shapiro 2007, p. 81). This may result from collusion between firms in order to minimise competition so as to increase prices charged to consumers. Since there are few firms in the industry, the action of one firm is normally followed by other firms in the industry. The media industry, such as television firms is a classical example of an oligopoly. In the UK, for instance, any move made by BBC News broadcast station influences the decisions made by other firms. Regarding pricing decisions, an oligopoly is a price maker. This implies that any firm in the market is able to determine a price. This is particularly so with regards to the most dominant firm or price leader. In this regard, in the event that one firm reduces fees charged for a given service, other firms are likely to follow a similar move in order to remain relevant. Failure to lower price as does the price leader makes a firm lose market share sin ce consumers will shift to the firm charging low fees for the product or service (Shapiro 2007, p. 91). However, a firm operating in an oligopolistic market usually finds it difficult increasing its prices. This is because any increase in price means that consumers have alternative firms to turn to for services or products. 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